καβάλλης

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Like Latin caballus (“pack-horse”), is an Asiatic loan or Wanderwort. It has been compared with Proto-Slavic *kobýla (“mare”) and Persian کول (kaval, “second class horse of mixed blood”). Maybe borrowed from Proto-Iranian *kabah, *kabalah, compare Khotanese [script needed] (kabä, “horse”), and possibly cognate with Latin cabō (“gelding”), perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kebʰ- (“worn-out horse, nag”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ka.bál.lɛːs/ → /kaˈβal.lis/ → /kaˈva.lis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ka.bál.lɛːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kaˈbal.le̝s/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /kaˈβal.lis/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /kaˈval.lis/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /kaˈva.lis/

Noun

κᾰβᾰ́λλης • (kabállēs) m (genitive κᾰβᾰ́λλου); first declension

1. nag, old and useless horse

Inflection

First declension of ὁ κᾰβᾰ́λλης; τοῦ κᾰβᾰ́λλου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κᾰβᾰ́λλης ho kabállēs	τὼ κᾰβᾰ́λλᾱ tṑ kabállā	οἱ κᾰβᾰ́λλαι hoi kabállai
Genitive	τοῦ κᾰβᾰ́λλου toû kabállou	τοῖν κᾰβᾰ́λλαιν toîn kabállain	τῶν κᾰβᾰλλῶν tôn kaballôn
Dative	τῷ κᾰβᾰ́λλῃ tôi kabállēi	τοῖν κᾰβᾰ́λλαιν toîn kabállain	τοῖς κᾰβᾰ́λλαις toîs kabállais
Accusative	τὸν κᾰβᾰ́λλην tòn kabállēn	τὼ κᾰβᾰ́λλᾱ tṑ kabállā	τοὺς κᾰβᾰ́λλᾱς toùs kabállās
Vocative	κᾰβᾰ́λλη kabállē	κᾰβᾰ́λλᾱ kabállā	κᾰβᾰ́λλαι kabállai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κᾰβᾰ́λλειον (kabálleion)
• κᾰβᾰλλᾰρῐκός (kaballarikós)
• κᾰβᾰλλᾱ́τῐον (kaballā́tion)

 

Further reading

• “καβάλλης”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• καβάλλης in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “καβάλλης”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 611