δνόφος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• γνόφος (gnóphos)

Etymology

The word recalls ζόφος (zóphos), κνέφας (knéphas) and ψέφας (pséphas), but these words have not been explained. The group δν- seems to point to Pre-Greek origin.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /dnó.pʰos/ → /ˈðno.ɸos/ → /ˈðno.fos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /dnó.pʰos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈdno.pʰos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈðno.ɸos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈðno.fos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈðno.fos/

Noun

δνόφος • (dnóphos) m (genitive δνόφου); second declension

1. (poetic) darkness, dusk, gloom

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ δνόφος; τοῦ δνόφου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ δνόφος ho dnóphos	τὼ δνόφω tṑ dnóphō	οἱ δνόφοι hoi dnóphoi
Genitive	τοῦ δνόφου toû dnóphou	τοῖν δνόφοιν toîn dnóphoin	τῶν δνόφων tôn dnóphōn
Dative	τῷ δνόφῳ tôi dnóphōi	τοῖν δνόφοιν toîn dnóphoin	τοῖς δνόφοις toîs dnóphois
Accusative	τὸν δνόφον tòn dnóphon	τὼ δνόφω tṑ dnóphō	τοὺς δνόφους toùs dnóphous
Vocative	δνόφε dnóphe	δνόφω dnóphō	δνόφοι dnóphoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• δνοφέος (dnophéos)
• δνοφερός (dnopherós)
• δνοφόεις (dnophóeis)
• δνοφώδης (dnophṓdēs)

 

Further reading

• “δνόφος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• δνόφος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• δνόφος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN