βάναυσος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Generally taken as an haplology from *βαύναυσος, in turn a compound of βαῦνος (baûnos, “furnace”) and αὔω (aúō, “to scoop, light a fire”). Beekes disregards this proposal as folk etymology and suggests a Pre-Greek origin.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /bá.nau̯.sos/ → /ˈβa.naɸ.sos/ → /ˈva.naf.sos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /bá.nau̯.sos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈba.naʍ.sos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈβa.naɸ.sos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈva.naf.sos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈva.naf.sos/

Adjective

βᾰ́ναυσος • (bánausos) m or f (neuter βᾰ́ναυσον); second declension

1. artisanal, handmade, handcrafted
2. (figuratively) vulgar, base, unworthy
3. (later) fastidious, meticulous

Declension

Second declension of βᾰ́ναυσος; βᾰ́ναυσον (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		βᾰ́ναυσος bánausos	βᾰ́ναυσον bánauson		βᾰναύσω banaúsō	βᾰναύσω banaúsō		βᾰ́ναυσοι bánausoi	βᾰ́ναυσᾰ bánausa
Genitive		βᾰναύσου banaúsou	βᾰναύσου banaúsou		βᾰναύσοιν banaúsoin	βᾰναύσοιν banaúsoin		βᾰναύσων banaúsōn	βᾰναύσων banaúsōn
Dative		βᾰναύσῳ banaúsōi	βᾰναύσῳ banaúsōi		βᾰναύσοιν banaúsoin	βᾰναύσοιν banaúsoin		βᾰναύσοις banaúsois	βᾰναύσοις banaúsois
Accusative		βᾰ́ναυσον bánauson	βᾰ́ναυσον bánauson		βᾰναύσω banaúsō	βᾰναύσω banaúsō		βᾰναύσους banaúsous	βᾰ́ναυσᾰ bánausa
Vocative		βᾰ́ναυσε bánause	βᾰ́ναυσον bánauson		βᾰναύσω banaúsō	βᾰναύσω banaúsō		βᾰ́ναυσοι bánausoi	βᾰ́ναυσᾰ bánausa
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		βᾰναύσως banaúsōs			βᾰναυσότερος banausóteros			βᾰναυσότᾰτος banausótatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• βᾰναυσοτεχνέω (banausotekhnéō)
• βᾰναυσουργός (banausourgós)
• βᾰναυσῐκός (banausikós)
• βᾰναυσῐ́ᾱ (banausíā)

 

Noun

βᾰ́ναυσος • (bánausos) m (genitive βᾰναύσου); second declension

1. artisan, craftsman

   Synonym: τεχνῑ́της (tekhnī́tēs)

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ βᾰ́ναυσος; τοῦ βᾰναύσου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ βᾰ́ναυσος ho bánausos	τὼ βᾰναύσω tṑ banaúsō	οἱ βᾰ́ναυσοι hoi bánausoi
Genitive	τοῦ βᾰναύσου toû banaúsou	τοῖν βᾰναύσοιν toîn banaúsoin	τῶν βᾰναύσων tôn banaúsōn
Dative	τῷ βᾰναύσῳ tôi banaúsōi	τοῖν βᾰναύσοιν toîn banaúsoin	τοῖς βᾰναύσοις toîs banaúsois
Accusative	τὸν βᾰ́ναυσον tòn bánauson	τὼ βᾰναύσω tṑ banaúsō	τοὺς βᾰναύσους toùs banaúsous
Vocative	βᾰ́ναυσε bánause	βᾰναύσω banaúsō	βᾰ́ναυσοι bánausoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → German: Banause

Further reading

• “βάναυσος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “βάναυσος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• βάναυσος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• βάναυσος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “βάναυσος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 199