Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sokʷós

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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

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    Noun

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    *sokʷós m (non-ablauting)[1][2]

    1. juice of plants
      Synonym: *swokʷós

    Declension

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    Thematic
    singular
    nominative *sokʷós
    genitive *sokʷósyo
    singular dual plural
    nominative *sokʷós *sokʷóh₁ *sokʷóes
    vocative *sokʷé *sokʷóh₁ *sokʷóes
    accusative *sokʷóm *sokʷóh₁ *sokʷóms
    genitive *sokʷósyo *? *sokʷóHom
    ablative *sokʷéad *? *sokʷómos, *sokʷóbʰos
    dative *sokʷóey *? *sokʷómos, *sokʷóbʰos
    locative *sokʷéy, *sokʷóy *? *sokʷóysu
    instrumental *sokʷóh₁ *? *sokʷṓys

    Descendants

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    • Proto-Albanian: *źaka
      • Albanian: gjak (“blood”)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *sakás (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Celtic: *sakʷos (“fir”)
      • ⇒ Proto-Celtic:
      • Gaulish: *sappos (“fir tree”)
        • → Latin: sappinus (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Hellenic: *hokʷós
      • Ancient Greek: ὀπός (opós, “juice (of plants)”)
    • Proto-Tocharian: *sekwe (“pus”)

    References

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    1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “sakai”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 386-387
    2. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ὀπός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1093
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