Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-éh₂

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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

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Etymology

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    From *-h₂.

    Suffix

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    *-éh₂ n

    1. Creates collective nouns and mass nouns corresponding to thematic formations with accent on the suffix.

    Usage notes

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    This collective noun suffix gave rise to the thematic neuter plural suffix in nuclear (i.e. non-Anatolian) Indo-European languages. In Anatolian itself, it is disputed whether nouns attested with this suffix are plural or collective in number.

    Derived terms

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      • *-i-eh₂
        • Balto-Slavic:
          • Proto-Slavic: *-ьja

      Suffix

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      *(o)-éh₂ f

      1. Creates action nouns and abstract nouns.
        *bʰer- (to bear) + ‎*-éh₂ → ‎*bʰoréh₂ (carrying, burden)

      Inflection

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      Thematic in *-eh₂
      singular
      nominative *(o)-éh₂
      genitive *(o)-éh₂s
      singular dual plural
      nominative *(o)-éh₂ *(o)-éh₂h₁(e) *(o)-éh₂es
      vocative *(o)-éh₂ *(o)-éh₂h₁(e) *(o)-éh₂es
      accusative *(o)-ā́m *(o)-éh₂h₁(e) *(o)-éh₂m̥s
      genitive *(o)-éh₂s *? *(o)-éh₂oHom
      ablative *(o)-éh₂s *? *(o)-éh₂mos, *(o)-éh₂bʰos
      dative *(o)-éh₂ey *? *(o)-éh₂mos, *(o)-éh₂bʰos
      locative *(o)-éh₂, *(o)-éh₂i *? *(o)-éh₂su
      instrumental *(o)-éh₂h₁ *? *(o)-éh₂mis, *(o)-éh₂bʰis

      Usage notes

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      These o-grade feminine abstract nouns are known as τομή (tomḗ)-type nouns in Indo-Europeanist literature, and were typically derived from *(o)-ós nominals from *CeR- roots.

      Derived terms

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      Suffix

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      *(∅)-éh₂ f

      1. Creates action nouns and abstract nouns.
        *bʰewg- (to flee) + ‎*-éh₂ → ‎*bʰugéh₂ (flight)

      Inflection

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      Thematic in *-eh₂
      singular
      nominative *(∅)-éh₂
      genitive *(∅)-éh₂s
      singular dual plural
      nominative *(∅)-éh₂ *(∅)-éh₂h₁(e) *(∅)-éh₂es
      vocative *(∅)-éh₂ *(∅)-éh₂h₁(e) *(∅)-éh₂es
      accusative *(∅)-ā́m *(∅)-éh₂h₁(e) *(∅)-éh₂m̥s
      genitive *(∅)-éh₂s *? *(∅)-éh₂oHom
      ablative *(∅)-éh₂s *? *(∅)-éh₂mos, *(∅)-éh₂bʰos
      dative *(∅)-éh₂ey *? *(∅)-éh₂mos, *(∅)-éh₂bʰos
      locative *(∅)-éh₂, *(∅)-éh₂i *? *(∅)-éh₂su
      instrumental *(∅)-éh₂h₁ *? *(∅)-éh₂mis, *(∅)-éh₂bʰis

      Usage notes

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      These nouns are known as φυγή (phugḗ)-type nouns in Indo-Europeanist literature. They are mainly formed from verbal roots, generally of the shape *CeRT-.

      Derived terms

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