Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skaftijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Factitive derived from unattested *skaftaz ("ready" < "shaped, created"), original past participle to *skapjaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈskɑɸ.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*skaftijaną

1. to make ready; to prepare

Inflection

Conjugation of *skaftijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*skaftijō	*skaftijaų	—	*skaftijai	?
2nd singular	*skaftīsi	*skaftijais	*skaftī	*skaftijasai	*skaftijaisau
3rd singular	*skaftīþi	*skaftijai	*skaftijaþau	*skaftijaþai	*skaftijaiþau
1st dual	*skaftijōs	*skaftijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*skaftijaþiz	*skaftijaiþiz	*skaftijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*skaftijamaz	*skaftijaim	—	*skaftijanþai	*skaftijainþau
2nd plural	*skaftīþ	*skaftijaiþ	*skaftīþ	*skaftijanþai	*skaftijainþau
3rd plural	*skaftijanþi	*skaftijain	*skaftijanþau	*skaftijanþai	*skaftijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*skaftidǭ	*skaftidēdį̄
2nd singular	*skaftidēz	*skaftidēdīz
3rd singular	*skaftidē	*skaftidēdī
1st dual	*skaftidēdū	*skaftidēdīw
2nd dual	*skaftidēdudiz	*skaftidēdīdiz
1st plural	*skaftidēdum	*skaftidēdīm
2nd plural	*skaftidēdud	*skaftidēdīd
3rd plural	*skaftidēdun	*skaftidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*skaftijandz	*skaftidaz

Descendants

The Gothic attestation is used reflexively, "to make oneself ready".

• Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐍆𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (skaftjan)