가볍다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Hunminjeong'eum eonhae (訓民正音諺解本 / 훈민정음언해본), 1446, as Middle Korean 가ᄇᆡ〮얍다〮 (Yale: kàpóyyàptá). Also attested in the Beonyeok sohak (飜譯小學 / 번역소학), 1517, as Middle Korean 가븨얍다 (Yale: kapuyyapta).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ka̠bjʌ̹p̚t͈a̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [가볍따]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	gabyeopda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	gabyeobda
McCune–Reischauer?	kabyŏpta
Yale Romanization?	kapyepta

Adjective

가볍다 • (gabyeopda) (irregular, infinitive 가벼워, sequential 가벼우니)

1. light (not heavy)

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 가볍다 (gabyeopda): consonant-stem, ㅂ(b)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	가볍다 gabyeopda	가벼워 gabyeowo	가벼워요 gabyeowoyo	가볍습니다 gabyeopseumnida
	Past	가벼웠다 gabyeowotda	가벼웠어 gabyeowosseo	가벼웠어요 gabyeowosseoyo	가벼웠습니다 gabyeowotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	가벼우냐 gabyeounya	가벼워 gabyeowo	가벼워요 gabyeowoyo	가볍습니까 gabyeopseumnikka
	Past	가벼웠냐 gabyeowonnya	가벼웠어 gabyeowosseo	가벼웠어요 gabyeowosseoyo	가벼웠습니까 gabyeowotseumnikka
Assertive		가볍겠다 gabyeopgetda	가볍겠어 gabyeopgesseo	가볍겠어요 gabyeopgesseoyo	가볍겠습니다 gabyeopgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		가벼워 gabyeowo	가벼워서 gabyeowoseo	가벼우니 gabyeouni	가벼우니까 gabyeounikka
Contrast		가볍지만 gabyeopjiman	가벼운데 gabyeounde	가볍더니 gabyeopdeoni
Conjunction		가볍고 gabyeopgo
Condition		가벼우면 gabyeoumyeon	가벼워야 gabyeowoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		가벼움 gabyeoum	가볍기 gabyeopgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		가벼웠음 gabyeowosseum	가벼웠기 gabyeowotgi
Determiners	Present		가벼운 gabyeoun
	Future		가벼울 gabyeoul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	가벼우시다 gabyeousida	가벼우셔 gabyeousyeo	가벼우세요, 가벼우셔요 gabyeouseyo, gabyeousyeoyo	가벼우십니다 gabyeousimnida
	Past	가벼우셨다 gabyeousyeotda	가벼우셨어 gabyeousyeosseo	가벼우셨어요 gabyeousyeosseoyo	가벼우셨습니다 gabyeousyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	가벼우시냐 gabyeousinya	가벼우셔 gabyeousyeo	가벼우세요, 가벼우셔요 gabyeouseyo, gabyeousyeoyo	가벼우십니까 gabyeousimnikka
	Past	가벼우셨냐 gabyeousyeonnya	가벼우셨어 gabyeousyeosseo	가벼우셨어요 gabyeousyeosseoyo	가벼우셨습니까 gabyeousyeotseumnikka
Assertive		가벼우시겠다 gabyeousigetda	가벼우시겠어 gabyeousigesseo	가벼우시겠어요 gabyeousigesseoyo	가벼우시겠습니다 gabyeousigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		가벼우셔 gabyeousyeo	가벼우셔서 gabyeousyeoseo	가벼우시니 gabyeousini	가벼우시니까 gabyeousinikka
Contrast		가벼우시지만 gabyeousijiman	가벼우신데 gabyeousinde	가벼우시더니 gabyeousideoni
Conjunction		가벼우시고 gabyeousigo
Condition		가벼우시면 gabyeousimyeon	가벼우셔야 gabyeousyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		가벼우심 gabyeousim	가벼우시기 gabyeousigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		가벼우셨음 gabyeousyeosseum	가벼우셨기 gabyeousyeotgi
Determiners	Present		가벼우신 gabyeousin
	Future		가벼우실 gabyeousil

Antonyms

• 무겁다 (mugeopda)