ꠢꠥꠔꠣ
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Sylheti
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Sanskrit सुप्त (supta, “asleep”). Cognate with Odia ସୁତିବା (sutibā), Maithili 𑒮𑒴𑒞𑒩 (sūtara) / सूतब (sūtab).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]ꠢꠥꠔꠣ • (huta)
- to lie down
- ꠛꠦꠝꠣꠞꠤ ꠛꠦꠐꠣꠉꠥ ꠛꠤꠍꠘꠣꠔ ꠢꠥꠔꠤ ꠞꠁꠍꠦ ⁕
- bemari beṭagu bisónat huti roisé ⁕
- The patient is lying on the bed.
- to sleep
Conjugation
[edit]Impersonal of ꠢꠥꠔꠣ
| Stem | ꠢꠥꠔ hut |
|---|---|
| Gerund | ꠢꠥꠔꠣ huta |
| Infinitive | ꠢꠥꠔꠣ huta |
| Goal | ꠢꠥꠔꠣꠞ ꠟꠣꠉꠤ hutar lagi |
| Agentive | ꠢꠥꠔꠞꠣ ♂, ꠢꠥꠔꠞꠤ ♀ hutra ♂, hutri ♀ |
| Converb | ꠢꠥꠔꠔꠦ hutte |
| Progressive participle | ꠢꠥꠔꠔꠦ ꠢꠥꠔꠔꠦ hutte hutte |
| Conditional participle | ꠢꠥꠔꠟꠦ hutle |
| Perfect participle | ꠢꠥꠔꠤꠀ hutia |
| Habitual participle | ꠢꠥꠔꠤ ꠢꠥꠔꠤ huti huti |
Conjugation of ꠢꠥꠔꠣ
| Person | First person | Second person | Third person | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Very faml. & Inferior |
Familiar | Honorific | Familiar | |||
| Singular | ꠀꠝꠤ/ꠝꠥꠁ ami/mui |
ꠔꠥꠁ tui |
ꠔꠥꠝꠤ tumi |
ꠀꠙꠘꠦ afne |
ꠔꠣꠁꠘ tain |
ꠢꠦ ♂, ꠔꠣꠁ ♀ he ♂, tai ♀ |
| Plural | ꠀꠝꠞꠣ amra |
ꠔꠥꠝꠞꠣ tumra |
ꠔꠥꠝꠤꠔꠣꠁꠘ tumitain |
ꠀꠙꠘꠣꠞꠣ/ꠀꠙꠘꠣꠁꠘꠔꠦ afnara/afnainte |
ꠔꠣꠁꠘꠔꠣꠁꠘ taintain |
ꠔꠣꠞꠣ tara |
| Present | ||||||
| Imperfective | ꠢꠥꠔꠤ huti |
ꠢꠥꠔꠌ hutos |
ꠢꠥꠔꠧ huto |
ꠢꠥꠔꠂꠘ hutoin |
ꠢꠥꠔꠦ hute | |
| Continuous | *ꠢꠥꠔꠤꠀꠞ / *ꠢꠥꠔꠤ ꠞꠣꠝ / *ꠢꠥꠔꠤꠔ ꠞꠣꠝ *hutiar / *huti ram / *hutit ram |
ꠢꠥꠔꠞꠦ / ꠢꠥꠔꠞꠦ hutre |
ꠢꠥꠔꠞꠣꠄ hutrae |
ꠢꠥꠔꠞꠣ hutra |
ꠢꠥꠔꠦꠞ huter | |
| Perfective | ꠢꠥꠔꠍꠤ hutsi |
ꠢꠥꠔꠍꠌ hutsos |
ꠢꠥꠔꠍꠧ hutso |
ꠢꠥꠔꠍꠂꠘ hutsoin |
ꠢꠥꠔꠍꠦ hutse | |
| Past | ||||||
| Recent | ꠢꠥꠔꠟꠣꠝ hutlam |
ꠢꠥꠔꠟꠦ hutle |
ꠢꠥꠔꠟꠣꠄ hutlae |
ꠢꠥꠔꠟꠣ hutla |
ꠢꠥꠔꠟꠧ hutlo | |
| Distant | ꠢꠥꠔꠍ꠆ꠟꠣꠝ hutslam |
ꠢꠥꠔꠍ꠆ꠟꠦ hutsle |
ꠢꠥꠔꠍ꠆ꠟꠣꠄ hutslae |
ꠢꠥꠔꠍ꠆ꠟꠣ hutsla |
ꠢꠥꠔꠍꠤꠟ hutsil | |
| Continuous | ꠢꠥꠔꠣꠔ ꠀꠍꠟꠣꠝ hutat aslam |
ꠢꠥꠔꠣꠔ ꠀꠍꠟꠦ hutat asle |
ꠢꠥꠔꠣꠔ ꠀꠍꠟꠣꠄ hutat aslae |
ꠢꠥꠔꠣꠔ ꠀꠍꠟꠣ hutat asla |
ꠢꠥꠔꠣꠔ ꠀꠍꠤꠟ hutat asil | |
| Future | ||||||
| Indicative | ꠢꠥꠔꠝꠥ hutmu |
ꠢꠥꠔꠛꠦ hutbe |
ꠢꠥꠔꠛꠣꠄ hutbae |
ꠢꠥꠔꠛꠣ hutba |
ꠢꠥꠔꠛꠧ hutbo | |
| Others | ||||||
| Imperative | — | ꠢꠥꠔ hut |
ꠢꠥꠔꠧ huto |
ꠢꠥꠔꠃꠇꠇꠣ hutoukka |
{{{imp-3}}} {{{imp-3-tr}}} | |
| ❋ Note 1: * = Dialectal | ||||||
| ❋ Note 2: Sylheti is an ergative language. So the 3rd person nouns get the ergative suffix ꠄ (e), which is written with the vowel diacritic ꠦ (e) after a consonant. | ||||||
| ❋ Note 3: There are many dialects of Sylheti. This is just one of those. | ||||||
| ❋ Note 4: Click here to see other personal pronouns with grammatical cases. | ||||||
References
[edit]- Gwynn, Roger (2016) “huŧa-”, in Londoni Sylheti dictionary, Part I : Sylheti-English, Middletown, DE: Acre Press.