毫釐

Chinese

		hair; drawing brush; (in the) least hair; drawing brush; (in the) least; one thousandth	centi-
trad. (毫釐/毫厘)		毫	釐/厘
simp. (毫厘)		毫	厘
alternative forms		豪釐 豪氂／豪牦

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): háolí

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄠˊ ㄌㄧˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hou⁴ lei⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): hò-lì

  (Hailu, HRS): ho li

• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hor² li²
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hô-lî

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: háolí
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄠˊ ㄌㄧˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: háolí
    • Wade–Giles: hao²-li²
    • Yale: háu-lí
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: haurli
    • Palladius: хаоли (xaoli)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɑʊ̯³⁵ li³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hou⁴ lei⁴
    • Yale: hòuh lèih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hou⁴ lei⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: hou⁴ léi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hou̯²¹ lei̯²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hò-lì
    • Hakka Romanization System: ho^ˇ li^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ho² li²
    • Sinological IPA: /ho¹¹ li¹¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: ho li
    • Sinological IPA: /ho⁵⁵ li⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: hor² li² [Phonetic: hor⁵ li²]
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hó̤-lí
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɒ¹³⁻²¹ li¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô-lî
    • Tâi-lô: hô-lî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hoilii
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɤ²³⁻³³ li²³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ho²⁴⁻¹¹ li²⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: haw li

Rime
Character	毫	釐
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	胡刀切	里之切
Baxter	haw	li
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɑu/	/lɨ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦɑu/	/lɨ/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɑu/	/lie/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦaw/	/lɨ/
Li Rong	/ɣɑu/	/liə/
Wang Li	/ɣɑu/	/lĭə/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣɑu/	/li/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	háo	lí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hou4	lei4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤaw  [r]ə/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡaːw  rɯ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	毫	釐
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	háo	lí
Middle Chinese	‹ haw ›	‹ li ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ˁaw/	/*[r]ə/
English	fine animal hair	regulate, govern
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	毫	釐
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	3748	7802
Phonetic component	高	釐
Rime group	宵	之
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	豪	釐
Old Chinese	/*ɡaːw/	/*rɯ/
Notes		金文象攴擊來麥脫粒， 治來來亦聲，而非未聲，來訛未乃轉註加里聲

Noun

毫釐

1. a very small amount

Derived terms

• 不差毫釐
• 失之毫釐，差之千里
• 失之毫釐，差以千里
• 失之毫釐，謬以千里
• 差之毫釐，謬之千里
• 差之毫釐，謬以千里 (chāzhīháolí, miùyǐqiānlǐ)
• 差以毫釐，失之千里 (chāyǐháolí, shīzhīqiānlǐ)
• 毫釐不爽
• 毫釐之差
• 毫釐千里
• 毫釐卜可
• 毫釐可

References

• “毫釐”, in 重編國語辭典修訂本 [Revised Mandarin Chinese Dictionary] (in Chinese), National Academy for Educational Research (Taiwan), 2021.
• 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “毫釐”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎^[1] (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC
• 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “毫釐”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 271.