ἀείρω
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- αἴρω (aírō) — Attic, contracted
- ἀέρρω (aérrhō) — Aeolic
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Hellenic *awéřřō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wér-ye-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wer- (“to raise?; to bind, enclose?”); the relation between the "raise" and "enclose" meanings, if any, is unclear, though Chantraine (DELG) appears to consider the latter a semantic specialization of the former.[1][2] Potential cognates include Old Armenian գեր (ger, “above, hyper-”), Latin aperiō (“to open”), Proto-Balto-Slavic *wérˀtei (“to thrust, prod”), Sanskrit वृणोति (vṛṇoti, “to cover, ward off”), Albanian vjerr (“to hang, suspend”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /a.ěː.rɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /aˈi.ro/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /aˈi.ro/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /aˈi.ro/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /aˈi.ro/
Verb
[edit]ἀείρω • (aeírō) (Epic, Ionic, poetic)
- (transitive) to lift up, raise, support
- (of armies, ships, transitive) to get the fleet under sail
- (transitive) to bear, sustain
- (transitive) to raise up, exalt
- (transitive) to raise by words, praise, extol
- (transitive) to lift and take away, remove
- (transitive, with genitive) to take away from
- (Koine, transitive) to take off, kill
- (middle voice, transitive) to take up for oneself, to win, gain
- (transitive) to take upon oneself, undergo
- (transitive) to undertake, begin
- (transitive) to raise up
- (transitive) to take away
- (passive voice, intransitive) to hang
Inflection
[edit] Present: ἀείρω, ἀείρομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἤειρον | ἤειρες | ἤειρε(ν) | ἠείρετον | ἠειρέτην | ἠείρομεν | ἠείρετε | ἤειρον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἠειρόμην | ἠείρου | ἠείρετο | ἠείρεσθον | ἠειρέσθην | ἠειρόμεθᾰ | ἠείρεσθε | ἠείροντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἄειρον | ἄειρες | ἄειρε(ν) | ἀείρετον | ἀειρέτην | ἀείρομεν | ἀείρετε | ἄειρον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἀειρόμην | ἀείρου | ἀείρετο | ἀείρεσθον | ἀειρέσθην | ἀειρόμεθᾰ | ἀείρεσθε | ἀείροντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἀρέω | ἀρέεις | ἀρέει | ἀρέετον | ἀρέετον | ἀρέομεν | ἀρέετε | ἀρέουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | ἀρέοιμῐ | ἀρέοις | ἀρέοι | ἀρέοιτον | ἀρεοίτην | ἀρέοιμεν | ἀρέοιτε | ἀρέοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | ἀρέομαι | ἀρέῃ, ἀρέει |
ἀρέεται | ἀρέεσθον | ἀρέεσθον | ἀρεόμεθᾰ | ἀρέεσθε | ἀρέονται | ||||
optative | ἀρεοίμην | ἀρέοιο | ἀρέοιτο | ἀρέοισθον | ἀρεοίσθην | ἀρεοίμεθᾰ | ἀρέοισθε | ἀρέοιντο | |||||
passive | indicative | ἀρθήσομαι | ἀρθήσῃ | ἀρθήσεται | ἀρθήσεσθον | ἀρθήσεσθον | ἀρθησόμεθᾰ | ἀρθήσεσθε | ἀρθήσονται | ||||
optative | ἀρθησοίμην | ἀρθήσοιο | ἀρθήσοιτο | ἀρθήσοισθον | ἀρθησοίσθην | ἀρθησοίμεθᾰ | ἀρθήσοισθε | ἀρθήσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | ἀρέειν | ἀρέεσθαι | ἀρθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
participle | m | ἀρέων | ἀρεόμενος | ἀρθησόμενος | |||||||||
f | ἀρέουσᾰ | ἀρεομένη | ἀρθησομένη | ||||||||||
n | ἀρέον | ἀρεόμενον | ἀρθησόμενον | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἀρῶ | ἀρεῖς | ἀρεῖ | ἀρεῖτον | ἀρεῖτον | ἀροῦμεν | ἀρεῖτε | ἀροῦσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | ἀροίην, ἀροῖμῐ |
ἀροίης, ἀροῖς |
ἀροίη, ἀροῖ |
ἀροῖτον, ἀροίητον |
ἀροίτην, ἀροιήτην |
ἀροῖμεν, ἀροίημεν |
ἀροῖτε, ἀροίητε |
ἀροῖεν, ἀροίησᾰν | |||||
middle | indicative | ἀροῦμαι | ἀρῇ | ἀρεῖται | ἀρεῖσθον | ἀρεῖσθον | ἀρούμεθᾰ | ἀρεῖσθε | ἀροῦνται | ||||
optative | ἀροίμην | ἀροῖο | ἀροῖτο | ἀροῖσθον | ἀροίσθην | ἀροίμεθᾰ | ἀροῖσθε | ἀροῖντο | |||||
passive | indicative | ἀρθήσομαι | ἀρθήσῃ | ἀρθήσεται | ἀρθήσεσθον | ἀρθήσεσθον | ἀρθησόμεθᾰ | ἀρθήσεσθε | ἀρθήσονται | ||||
optative | ἀρθησοίμην | ἀρθήσοιο | ἀρθήσοιτο | ἀρθήσοισθον | ἀρθησοίσθην | ἀρθησοίμεθᾰ | ἀρθήσοισθε | ἀρθήσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | ἀρεῖν | ἀρεῖσθαι | ἀρθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
participle | m | ἀρῶν | ἀρούμενος | ἀρθησόμενος | |||||||||
f | ἀροῦσᾰ | ἀρουμένη | ἀρθησομένη | ||||||||||
n | ἀροῦν | ἀρούμενον | ἀρθησόμενον | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἀείρω 1”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 23-4
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἀείρω 2”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 24
Further reading
[edit]- “ἀείρω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἀείρω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ἀείρω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἀείρω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἀείρω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- ἀείρω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- “ἀείρω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- “meteor”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
- Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1150
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek verbs
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Epic Greek
- Ionic Greek
- Ancient Greek poetic terms
- Ancient Greek transitive verbs
- Koine Greek
- Ancient Greek intransitive verbs
- grc:Death
- Ancient Greek verbs with a progressive iota or yod marker