सत्
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Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- সত্ (Assamese script)
- ᬲᬢ᭄ (Balinese script)
- সত্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰭𑰝𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀲𑀢𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- သတ် (Burmese script)
- સત્ (Gujarati script)
- ਸਤ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌸𑌤𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦱꦠ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂮𑂞𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ಸತ್ (Kannada script)
- សត៑ (Khmer script)
- ສຕ຺ (Lao script)
- സത് (Malayalam script)
- ᠰᠠᢠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘭𑘝𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᠰᠠᢐ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧍𑦽𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐳𑐟𑑂 (Newa script)
- ସତ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢱꢡ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆱𑆠𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖭𑖝𑖿 (Siddham script)
- සත් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑪁𑩫 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚨𑚙𑚶 (Takri script)
- ஸத் (Tamil script)
- సత్ (Telugu script)
- สตฺ (Thai script)
- ས་ཏ྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒮𑒞𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨰𑨙𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hsáns ~ *Hsatás (“being, existing”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁sónts (“being, existing”). Equivalent to अस् (as, “to be”) + -अत् (-at). Cognate with Old Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬧𐬙 (haṇt), Ancient Greek ὤν (ṓn), Latin prae-sēns (“present”), Old English sōþ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Participle
[edit]सत् • (sát) present active participle (root अस्)
- present participle of अस्ति (asti); being, existing, occurring, happening, being present
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.129.1:
- नास॑दासी॒न्नो सद्आ॒सीत्त॒दानीं॒ नासी॒द्रजो॒ नो व्यो॑मा प॒रो यत्। किमाव॑रीव॒: कुह॒ कस्य॒ शर्म॒न्नम्भ॒: किमा॑सी॒द्गह॑नं गभी॒रम्॥
- nā́sadāsīnnó sádāsī́ttadā́nīṃ nā́sīdrájo nó vyomā paró yát. kímā́varīva: kúha kásya śármannámbha: kímāsīdgáhanaṃ gabhīrám.
- Then was not non-existent nor existent: there was no realm of air, no sky beyond it.
What covered in, and where? and what gave shelter? Was water there, unfathomed depth of water?
- नास॑दासी॒न्नो सद्आ॒सीत्त॒दानीं॒ नासी॒द्रजो॒ नो व्यो॑मा प॒रो यत्। किमाव॑रीव॒: कुह॒ कस्य॒ शर्म॒न्नम्भ॒: किमा॑सी॒द्गह॑नं गभी॒रम्॥
- (with locative) abiding in
- (with genitive) belonging to
- living
- lasting, enduring
- real, actual, as any one or anything ought to be, true, good, right
Declension
[edit]Masculine at-stem declension of सत् (sát) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | सन् sán |
सन्तौ / सन्ता¹ sántau / sántā¹ |
सन्तः sántaḥ |
Vocative | सन् sán |
सन्तौ / सन्ता¹ sántau / sántā¹ |
सन्तः sántaḥ |
Accusative | सन्तम् sántam |
सन्तौ / सन्ता¹ sántau / sántā¹ |
सतः satáḥ |
Instrumental | सता satā́ |
सद्भ्याम् sádbhyām |
सद्भिः sádbhiḥ |
Dative | सते saté |
सद्भ्याम् sádbhyām |
सद्भ्यः sádbhyaḥ |
Ablative | सतः satáḥ |
सद्भ्याम् sádbhyām |
सद्भ्यः sádbhyaḥ |
Genitive | सतः satáḥ |
सतोः satóḥ |
सताम् satā́m |
Locative | सति satí |
सतोः satóḥ |
सत्सु sátsu |
Notes |
|
Feminine ī-stem declension of सती (satī́) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | सती satī́ |
सत्यौ / सती¹ satyaù / satī́¹ |
सत्यः / सतीः¹ satyàḥ / satī́ḥ¹ |
Vocative | सति sáti |
सत्यौ / सती¹ sátyau / sátī¹ |
सत्यः / सतीः¹ sátyaḥ / sátīḥ¹ |
Accusative | सतीम् satī́m |
सत्यौ / सती¹ satyaù / satī́¹ |
सतीः satī́ḥ |
Instrumental | सत्या satyā́ |
सतीभ्याम् satī́bhyām |
सतीभिः satī́bhiḥ |
Dative | सत्यै satyaí |
सतीभ्याम् satī́bhyām |
सतीभ्यः satī́bhyaḥ |
Ablative | सत्याः / सत्यै² satyā́ḥ / satyaí² |
सतीभ्याम् satī́bhyām |
सतीभ्यः satī́bhyaḥ |
Genitive | सत्याः / सत्यै² satyā́ḥ / satyaí² |
सत्योः satyóḥ |
सतीनाम् satī́nām |
Locative | सत्याम् satyā́m |
सत्योः satyóḥ |
सतीषु satī́ṣu |
Notes |
|
Neuter at-stem declension of सत् (sát) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | सत् sát |
सन्ती / सती sántī / satī́ |
सन्ति sánti |
Vocative | सत् sát |
सन्ती / सती sántī / sátī |
सन्ति sánti |
Accusative | सत् sát |
सन्ती / सती sántī / satī́ |
सन्ति sánti |
Instrumental | सता satā́ |
सद्भ्याम् sádbhyām |
सद्भिः sádbhiḥ |
Dative | सते saté |
सद्भ्याम् sádbhyām |
सद्भ्यः sádbhyaḥ |
Ablative | सतः satáḥ |
सद्भ्याम् sádbhyām |
सद्भ्यः sádbhyaḥ |
Genitive | सतः satáḥ |
सतोः satóḥ |
सताम् satā́m |
Locative | सति satí |
सतोः satóḥ |
सत्सु sátsu |
Noun
[edit]सत् • (sát) stem, m
- a being; (in the plural) beings, creatures
- a good or wise man, a sage
- good or honest or wise or respectable people
Declension
[edit]Masculine at-stem declension of सत् (sát) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | सन् sán |
सन्तौ / सन्ता¹ sántau / sántā¹ |
सन्तः sántaḥ |
Vocative | सन् sán |
सन्तौ / सन्ता¹ sántau / sántā¹ |
सन्तः sántaḥ |
Accusative | सन्तम् sántam |
सन्तौ / सन्ता¹ sántau / sántā¹ |
सतः satáḥ |
Instrumental | सता satā́ |
सद्भ्याम् sádbhyām |
सद्भिः sádbhiḥ |
Dative | सते saté |
सद्भ्याम् sádbhyām |
सद्भ्यः sádbhyaḥ |
Ablative | सतः satáḥ |
सद्भ्याम् sádbhyām |
सद्भ्यः sádbhyaḥ |
Genitive | सतः satáḥ |
सतोः satóḥ |
सताम् satā́m |
Locative | सति satí |
सतोः satóḥ |
सत्सु sátsu |
Notes |
|
Noun
[edit]सत् • (sat) stem, n
Declension
[edit]Neuter at-stem declension of सत् (sat) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | सत् sat |
सन्ती / सती sántī / satī́ |
सन्ति santi |
Vocative | सत् sat |
सन्ती / सती sántī / sátī |
सन्ति santi |
Accusative | सत् sat |
सन्ती / सती sántī / satī́ |
सन्ति santi |
Instrumental | सता satā |
सद्भ्याम् sadbhyām |
सद्भिः sadbhiḥ |
Dative | सते sate |
सद्भ्याम् sadbhyām |
सद्भ्यः sadbhyaḥ |
Ablative | सतः sataḥ |
सद्भ्याम् sadbhyām |
सद्भ्यः sadbhyaḥ |
Genitive | सतः sataḥ |
सतोः satoḥ |
सताम् satām |
Locative | सति sati |
सतोः satoḥ |
सत्सु satsu |
Derived terms
[edit]- सती (satī́)
- सत्य (satyá)
- सत्त्व (sattvá)
- सत्कार (satkāra)
- सत्कृत्य (satkṛtya)
- सत्पति (satpati)
- सत्पथ (satpatha)
- सत्पुत्र (satputra)
- सत्फल (satphala)
- सत्संकल्प (satsaṃkalpa)
References
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899) “सत्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1134.
Categories:
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es-
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms suffixed with -अत्
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit non-lemma forms
- Sanskrit participles
- Sanskrit present participles
- Sanskrit active participles
- Sanskrit present active participles
- Sanskrit terms belonging to the root अस्
- Sanskrit participles in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit terms with quotations
- Sanskrit at-stem adjectives
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit masculine nouns
- Sanskrit at-stem nouns
- Sanskrit neuter nouns