вакуум

Bulgarian

Etymology

From either German Vakuum or French vacuum, ultimately from Latin vacuum (adjective, neuter of vacuus (“empty”)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈvakoom]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

ва́куум • (vákuum) m (relational adjective ва́куумен)

1. vacuum

Declension

Declension of ва́куум

	singular	plural
indefinite	ва́куум vákuum	ва́кууми vákuumi
definite (subject form)	ва́куумът vákuumǎt	ва́куумите vákuumite
definite (object form)	ва́куума vákuuma
count form	—	ва́куума vákuuma

Related terms

• вака́нция (vakáncija)
• вака́нтен (vakánten)

References

• “вакуум”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “вакуум”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “вакуум”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 113
• “вакуум”, in Български тълковен речник [Bulgarian Explanatory Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), fourth edition, Sofia: Nauka i Izkustvo, 2005, page 85

Kazakh

Alternative scripts
Arabic	ۆاكۋۋم
Cyrillic	вакуум
Latin	vakuum

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian ва́куум (vákuum), from Latin vacuum.

Noun

вакуум • (vakuum)

1. vacuum

Derived terms

• вакуумды (vakuumdy)
• вакуумдық (vakuumdyq)

Macedonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈvakuːm]

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key): [ˈvakum] (relaxed pronunciation)

Noun

вакуум • (vakuum) m

1. vacuum

Declension

Declension of вакуум

	singular	plural
indefinite	вакуум	вакууми
definite unspecified	вакуумот	вакуумите
definite proximal	вакуумов	вакуумиве
definite distal	вакуумон	вакуумине
vocative	вакууме	вакууми
count form	—	вакуума

Russian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin vacuum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈvakʊʊm]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

ва́куум • (vákuum) m inan (genitive ва́куума, uncountable, relational adjective ва́куумный)

1. vacuum

Declension

Declension of ва́куум (inan sg-only masc-form hard-stem accent-a) 

	singular
nominative	ва́куум vákuum
genitive	ва́куума vákuuma
dative	ва́кууму vákuumu
accusative	ва́куум vákuum
instrumental	ва́куумом vákuumom
prepositional	ва́кууме vákuume

Descendants

• → Armenian: վակուում (vakuum)
• → Kazakh: вакуум (vakuum)

Ukrainian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin vacuum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈʋakʊum]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

ва́куум • (vákuum) m inan (genitive ва́кууму, uncountable, relational adjective ва́куумний)

1. vacuum (region of space that contains no matter)
2. vacuum (the condition of rarefaction, or reduction of pressure below that of the atmosphere)
3. (figuratively) vacuum, void (lack of content or substance)

   Synonym: порожне́ча f (porožnéča)

Declension

Declension of ва́куум (inan sg-only hard masc-form accent-a)

	singular
nominative	ва́куум vákuum
genitive	ва́кууму vákuumu
dative	ва́куумові, ва́кууму vákuumovi, vákuumu
accusative	ва́куум vákuum
instrumental	ва́куумом vákuumom
locative	ва́кууму, ва́куумі vákuumu, vákuumi
vocative	ва́кууме vákuume

Further reading

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “вакуум”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• Rusanivskyi, V. M., editor (2010), “вакуум”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1 (а – бязь), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN
• A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “вакуум”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
• A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “вакуум”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
• “вакуум”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
• “вакуум”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
• “вакуум”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)