φυστή

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• φύστη f (phústē)
• φυστῆ f (phustê)

Etymology

From φῦσα (phûsa, “wind, bellows”) +‎ -τός (-tós). See φῦσα for more cognates, perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pus- (“to blow, swell”), imitative of the sound of dough rising and blowing during baking.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pʰys.tɛ̌ː/ → /ɸysˈti/ → /fisˈti/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰys.tɛ̌ː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /pʰysˈte̝/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɸysˈti/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /fysˈti/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /fisˈti/

Noun

φυστή • (phustḗ) f (genitive φυστῆς); first declension

1. a light pastry, type of barley cake whereof the dough has been kneaded only lightly

   φυστή (μᾶζα) ― phustḗ (mâza) ― puffy barley cake

   • 3rd century BCE, Leonidas of Tarentum, chapter 736, in Greek Anthology, Book VII‎^[1]:

     φυστὴ ἐνὶ γρώνῃ μασσομένη παλάμαις

     phustḕ enì grṓnēi massoménē palámais

     light barley cake kneaded in a trough by hands

Declension

First declension of ἡ φυστή; τῆς φυστῆς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ φυστή hē phustḗ	τὼ φυστᾱ́ tṑ phustā́	αἱ φυσταί hai phustaí
Genitive	τῆς φυστῆς tês phustês	τοῖν φυσταῖν toîn phustaîn	τῶν φυστῶν tôn phustôn
Dative	τῇ φυστῇ têi phustêi	τοῖν φυσταῖν toîn phustaîn	ταῖς φυσταῖς taîs phustaîs
Accusative	τὴν φυστήν tḕn phustḗn	τὼ φυστᾱ́ tṑ phustā́	τᾱ̀ς φυστᾱ́ς tā̀s phustā́s
Vocative	φυστή phustḗ	φυστᾱ́ phustā́	φυσταί phustaí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “φυστή”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press