βραδύς
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥dus (“slow”) (which bears some resemblance in form and meaning to Proto-Indo-European *gʷreh₂- (“heavy”)). Cognates include Lithuanian gurdùs (“slow”), Latvian gur̃ds (“tired”), Latin gurdus (“dolt, heavy”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /bra.dýs/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /braˈdys/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /βraˈðys/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /vraˈðys/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /vraˈðis/
Adjective
[edit]βρᾰδῠ́ς • (bradús) m (feminine βρᾰδεῖᾰ, neuter βραδῠ́); first/third declension
Inflection
[edit]Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | βρᾰδῠ́ς bradús |
βρᾰδεῖᾰ bradeîa |
βρᾰδῠ́ bradú |
βρᾰδέε bradée |
βρᾰδείᾱ bradeíā |
βρᾰδέε bradée |
βρᾰδεῖς bradeîs |
βρᾰδεῖαι bradeîai |
βρᾰδέᾰ bradéa | |||||
Genitive | βρᾰδέος bradéos |
βρᾰδείᾱς bradeíās |
βρᾰδέος bradéos |
βρᾰδέοιν bradéoin |
βρᾰδείαιν bradeíain |
βρᾰδέοιν bradéoin |
βρᾰδέων bradéōn |
βρᾰδειῶν bradeiôn |
βρᾰδέων bradéōn | |||||
Dative | βρᾰδεῖ bradeî |
βρᾰδείᾳ bradeíāi |
βρᾰδεῖ bradeî |
βρᾰδέοιν bradéoin |
βρᾰδείαιν bradeíain |
βρᾰδέοιν bradéoin |
βρᾰδέσῐ / βρᾰδέσῐν bradési(n) |
βρᾰδείαις bradeíais |
βρᾰδέσῐ / βρᾰδέσῐν bradési(n) | |||||
Accusative | βρᾰδῠ́ν bradún |
βρᾰδεῖᾰν bradeîan |
βρᾰδῠ́ bradú |
βρᾰδέε bradée |
βρᾰδείᾱ bradeíā |
βρᾰδέε bradée |
βρᾰδεῖς bradeîs |
βρᾰδείᾱς bradeíās |
βρᾰδέᾰ bradéa | |||||
Vocative | βρᾰδῠ́ bradú |
βρᾰδεῖᾰ bradeîa |
βρᾰδῠ́ bradú |
βρᾰδέε bradée |
βρᾰδείᾱ bradeíā |
βρᾰδέε bradée |
βρᾰδεῖς bradeîs |
βρᾰδεῖαι bradeîai |
βρᾰδέᾰ bradéa | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
βρᾰδέως bradéōs |
βρᾰδῠ́τερος bradúteros |
βρᾰδῠ́τᾰτος bradútatos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Antonyms
[edit]- τᾰχῠ́ς (takhús)
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “βραδύς”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 234
Further reading
[edit]- “βραδύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “βραδύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “βραδύς”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- βραδύς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- βραδύς in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- βραδύς in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- G1021 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- dawdling idem, page 197.
- deliberate idem, page 207.
- dilatory idem, page 224.
- gradual idem, page 369.
- inactive idem, page 427.
- indolent idem, page 434.
- laggard idem, page 473.
- lagging idem, page 473.
- late idem, page 478.
- leisurely idem, page 485.
- lethargic idem, page 486.
- lingering idem, page 493.
- loitering idem, page 498.
- slack idem, page 782.
- slow idem, page 785.
- sluggish idem, page 786.
- stealthy idem, page 814.
- tardy idem, page 855.
- tedious idem, page 859.
- vacillating idem, page 942.
- wavering idem, page 968.
Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek βραδύς (bradús).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]βραδύς • (vradýs) m (feminine βραδεία, neuter βραδύ)
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
nominative | βραδύς (vradýs) | βραδεία (vradeía) | βραδύ (vradý) | βραδείς (vradeís) | βραδείες (vradeíes) | βραδέα (vradéa) | |
genitive | βραδέος (vradéos) βραδύ (vradý) |
βραδείας (vradeías) | βραδύ (vradý) βραδέος (vradéos) |
βραδέων (vradéon) | βραδειών (vradeión) | βραδέων (vradéon) | |
accusative | βραδύ (vradý) | βραδεία (vradeía) | βραδύ (vradý) | βραδείς (vradeís) | βραδείες (vradeíes) | βραδέα (vradéa) | |
vocative | βραδύ (vradý) | βραδεία (vradeía) | βραδύ (vradý) | βραδείς (vradeís) | βραδείες (vradeíes) | βραδέα (vradéa) |
Derivations:
Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο βραδύς, etc.)
Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο βραδύς, etc.)
Degrees of comparison by suffixation
comparative | singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | βραδύτερος (vradýteros) | βραδύτερη (vradýteri) | βραδύτερο (vradýtero) | βραδύτεροι (vradýteroi) | βραδύτερες (vradýteres) | βραδύτερα (vradýtera) |
genitive | βραδύτερου (vradýterou) | βραδύτερης (vradýteris) | βραδύτερου (vradýterou) | βραδύτερων (vradýteron) | βραδύτερων (vradýteron) | βραδύτερων (vradýteron) |
accusative | βραδύτερο (vradýtero) | βραδύτερη (vradýteri) | βραδύτερο (vradýtero) | βραδύτερους (vradýterous) | βραδύτερες (vradýteres) | βραδύτερα (vradýtera) |
vocative | βραδύτερε (vradýtere) | βραδύτερη (vradýteri) | βραδύτερο (vradýtero) | βραδύτεροι (vradýteroi) | βραδύτερες (vradýteres) | βραδύτερα (vradýtera) |
derivations | relative superlative: ο + comparative forms (eg "ο βραδύτερος", etc) | |||||
Absolute superlative | singular | plural | ||||
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | βραδύτατος (vradýtatos) | βραδύτατη (vradýtati) | βραδύτατο (vradýtato) | βραδύτατοι (vradýtatoi) | βραδύτατες (vradýtates) | βραδύτατα (vradýtata) |
genitive | βραδύτατου (vradýtatou) | βραδύτατης (vradýtatis) | βραδύτατου (vradýtatou) | βραδύτατων (vradýtaton) | βραδύτατων (vradýtaton) | βραδύτατων (vradýtaton) |
accusative | βραδύτατο (vradýtato) | βραδύτατη (vradýtati) | βραδύτατο (vradýtato) | βραδύτατους (vradýtatous) | βραδύτατες (vradýtates) | βραδύτατα (vradýtata) |
vocative | βραδύτατε (vradýtate) | βραδύτατη (vradýtati) | βραδύτατο (vradýtato) | βραδύτατοι (vradýtatoi) | βραδύτατες (vradýtates) | βραδύτατα (vradýtata) |
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ βραδύς, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
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- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
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- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek adjectives
- Ancient Greek oxytone terms
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